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Want to learn the art of mud

Earth plaster and mud mortar are so fun, beautiful and inexpensive. But they can be trickier than they look.
I teach the whole process in my popular online fully downloadable course
Enroll in the Perfect Earth Plaster Course

Mud as Mortar

From the Celts to the Anatolians, to the Quechua people, stone houses were originally mortared with mud. The result was a stone home that was both solid and warm and lasted for lifetimes. Mud breathes, and creates a wonderful warm atmosphere inside a stone home in a way that concrete never can.
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The circular stone homes of the Galician Celts
Unfortunately the skill of making mud plaster has steadily been eroded. And not necessarily recently. In the history of construction, clay mortar was followed by lime mortar. The ancient Greeks and Romans used it extensively in their structures, mixing lime, sand, volcanic ash and sometimes other ingredients such as egg whites. Then came Portland cement. Unlike lime or mud, modern cement doesn't breathe, which is why if you're restoring an old building, it's a disaster. Your house becomes prone to mold and damp, and a concrete mortar slowly and steadily eats away at the ancient stonework, killing the house from within.

Despite this, most mainstream builders are persuaded by both building restrictions and what I can only describe as a stick-in-the-mud fear of change, that concrete is the answer to everything. It makes my stomach turn to watch cash-strapped villagers who are sitting on tons of free earth, waste petrol and money importing concrete onto their land (which still has to be mixed in pretty much the same way as mud mortar).
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Pure mud mortar

How to Make Mud Mortar

How you create your mud mortar really depends on your clay. In some areas where the loam is excellent, folk get away with using just clay. Sometimes they simply mix clay and sand (the Celts of Galicia did this), and sometimes clay, sand and straw. You can also add lime to the mixture to give it a bit more resistance to weathering (as I did in the stone walls of my mud house in Turkey).

If you've already mastered earth plaster, it's basically going to be the same mixture but with less water (think cob consistency), so that you get a thick, sturdy filling. Now I know someone is going to ask for the recipe. And as I've said about a million times, there is no one recipe. Because everyone's clay, sand, and climate is different. As always with earth plaster/mortar, you'll have to experiment with your mixture. But if you want some tips, take a look at my introduction to earth plaster page.
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Evren and Celal mixing mud mortar in Turkey
Here's a bit of a starter for making muddy mortar.
1. Mix the earth, clay, water and straw together. Stomp it or churn it well.
2. Leave the mixture to percolate for a week.
3. Add sand to this mixture (and lime if needed).
4. Shovel ingredients onto an old sheet of plastic and stomp stomp stomp. Alternatively throw it in a cement mixer.
6. Now slap your mortar in between layers of stones.
7. Initially you'll have a rough finish. So once the mortar has dried thoroughly, go round and do some pointing. You do this by rubbing or troweling more mortar into the gaps between the stones, and then washing off the excess with a wet sponge before it dries.

Mud mortar isn't as water resistant as Portland cement, and needs a roof over it to protect if from heavy rain. It may also need touching up every now and again.
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My mud mortared wall
Many thanks to the Mud Sustainers, and all those making these posts possible by supporting The Mud Home on Patreon. If you would like to express that you value The Mud Home as well, consider making a pledge. A number of perks await Mud Patrons.
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Disclaimer: All the content in The Mud Home website is provided for informational purposes only. The author undertakes no responsibility for any person or entity who chooses to use the information on this website. It is not intended to be a standard and should not substitute for the exercise of good engineering judgment by engineers. It is the user’s obligation to make sure that he/she uses the appropriate practices and consults the appropriate experts when building. It is the user's obligation to make sure they are following health and safety guidelines. The author is not responsible for any accidents, injuries or damages to persons or property incurred while using the information presented in this website.

Some blog articles refer to the use of lime. Please note, lime is caustic and can cause burns. Read The Mud Home guide to using lime safely here.

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The Mud Home takes many hours a week to run, and costs a lot to sustain. If you find this site useful or inspiring, please consider supporting it so that it can continue.
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The Mud Home  Copyright © 2013  Atulya Kerry Bingham
  • Home
  • Building
    • Earthbag >
      • Rubble Trench Foundations
      • Earthbag in Extreme Weather
      • Earthquakes and earthbag
    • Earth Plaster
    • Using Lime
    • Cob
    • Straw Bale
    • Wattle and Daub
    • Inspiration
    • Off-Grid Living >
      • Off-Grid Prep Course
    • Mud Building Blog
  • Books
    • Dirt Witch
    • Mud Ball
    • Mud Mountain The Book
    • MUD BUILDING PDF PACKAGE
  • About
    • Contact
    • Mud Home Facebook Group
  • COURSES
    • ATULYA's In Person Workshops 2025
    • Perfect Earth Plaster Online Course
    • Lime for Beginners Online Course
    • MUD BUILDING PDF PACKAGE
    • The Off-Grid Roadmap
    • Consultation
  • Blogs
    • Mud Home Turkey
    • Barn Life in Spain
  • My Projects
    • The Earthbag Home in Turkey
    • The Barn in Spain